It was a photograph that shocked the world - an Egyptian military policeman beating a protester in a hijab with sticks and dragging her along the street so that her clothes were torn open. It seemed to symbolise the vulnerability of women in a society that has changed little since last year's revolution.
Many Egyptian women felt they had few rights or protections under President Hosni Mubarak, but the sense of liberation after he fell raised many women's hopes.
Although they were in the front line alongside men during the revolution, a year on there is a clear sense of disappointment felt by many women.
Images of a female protester being beaten by riot police triggered rallies in the capital Cairo