A Brief Colonial History Of Ceylon(SriLanka)
Sri Lanka: One Island Two Nations
A Brief Colonial History Of Ceylon(SriLanka)
Sri Lanka: One Island Two Nations
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Thiranjala Weerasinghe sj.- One Island Two Nations
?????????????????????????????????????????????????Tuesday, May 27, 2014
This Great Idea Of Minding Other People’s Business
We
are all familiar with this archetype – the infernal ‘busybody’ who runs
around raking rubbish dumps becoming a hero and public nuisance.
Mankind has always had these characters and of course the world would be
a rather boring place without them.
However the world itself changed as Europe transformed its economic
outlook in the 18th and 19th centuries and started casting its predatory
eyes all over the world for profit and limitless wealth. Karl Marx has
described what happened very well as the new bourgeoisie became our
driving force. They tore up all bonds and relationships the people had
to their religions, history and lands. In those countries where their
writ had absolute force (including the colonies) they sought to
accomplish 3 things:
1. Turn all productive lands into saleable commodities. This deprived
the peasantry of their ancestral rights, livelihoods and natural
economy. In fact it destroyed their very identity so that they were
forced to create new ones.
2. These lands had to be placed in the hands of new entrepreneurs who
would make them efficient and productive with new agricultural and
industrial technology
3. The people who were turned out of their lands had to be converted
to cheap wage labour and those who could not fit in were accommodated in
the new institutions – the prison, lunatic asylum, workhouse or
orphanage.
Thus the people were made to fit into the new economic order. Their
freedoms were taken away. To compensate for what they lost they were
offered and promised the crumbs off the table of the new rich and
powerful who exercised and enjoyed their ‘human rights’ in full measure.
In Europe where the French Revolution and its ideals were spread by
Napoleon until the British defeated him in 1815 the ideal of political
freedom had a ring of truth about it and the people actually understood
some of these ideals of “liberty, equality and fraternity” so that they
participated to some degree in creating the new institutions of their
societies.
In the colonies the people lost their liberty to the foreigner and lost
their fraternity with their own native superiors who based their new
power on social distance and a superficial paternalism based on forms of
cultural dependency both western and eastern. They were educated in
stages to become peaceful and law abiding subjects of a top down society
which offered formal equality but little else. The actual
relationships however were not based on equality but the more familiar
patronage system that would be exploited by the middle classes. These
educated leaders of society would satisfy their foreign masters that
they followed the western norms; and they would also use appropriate
devices like the national dress and expensive merit making ceremonies to
keep the locals happy about their allegiance to native traditions. In
truth they subscribed to neither: simply to the overriding ideal of self
advancement which the West legitimized through its transformation of
economics in the 19th century.
The sales pitch of both ‘new economics’ and ‘new politics’ followed the
same logic. “You will no longer go hungry. There will be enough food for
all of us when we use these new methods. We can ALL be very happy and
we will not need to lead a life of drudgery. With rights we will all be
EQUALS. You will not have to grovel before your superiors. Ours systems
and laws will administer justice fairly. You will be the sovereigns…..”
In reality what happened was that this smart middle class deprived the
freedom of the people and wrote up a deed promising all kinds of
conditional rights. On the one hand they would accumulate untold power
and wealth by robbing and plundering the poor. On the other they would
create institutions headed by their own kind to ‘dispense justice.’ Both
the problem and solution sides would be ‘growth industries’. We have
seen how many young professionals have benefited with their ‘careers in
human rights.’ The UN in particular has been a glorified foreign
employment agency for the children of the rich countries to go around
the world minding the business of other people and looking after them.
As is obvious the new economics and new politics created a whole lot of
useless junk in the form of goods and services and also professions. The
profession of politics is another good example. These pseudo
professions exploit the people mercilessly with a benevolent
justification to boot.
Where then does mankind go from here? What is required is not another
revolution; not another system. In fact all religions, philosophies and
traditions including the capitalist system have been true and good. Only
the human being with his/her ignorance, greed and hatred has failed
them. There is something of value to be learned from every branch of
learning. What we lack is humility and also moderation. We must start
moderating the sales pitch of both problems and solutions. A public
praxis is not enough. There must at the bottom be a personal praxis to
help us achieve integrity as human beings, as mothers and fathers,
sisters and brothers. We can then live the dream of fraternity of the
French Revolution.
It is very important to mind our own business.