A Brief Colonial History Of Ceylon(SriLanka)
Sri Lanka: One Island Two Nations
A Brief Colonial History Of Ceylon(SriLanka)
Sri Lanka: One Island Two Nations
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Thiranjala Weerasinghe sj.- One Island Two Nations
?????????????????????????????????????????????????Sunday, August 27, 2017
Sri Lanka: Wijedasa’s Dilemma
Corruption by those elected or appointed to public office assumes significance in a country like Sri Lanka because its economy runs on borrowed money with heavy interest payment obligations in dollar terms.
( August 26, 2017, Colombo, Sri Lanka Guardian) Suddenly,
corruption has come centre stage again in Sri Lankan politics, at a
time when the yahapalana government led by the UNP and supported by the
official SLFP is completing two years. Corruption and anti-corruption
were the main talking points of the election platforms in 2015. They
were the focus areas of civil society organisations such as the one led
by Ven. Maduluwawe Sobhitha prior to the election. In a society where
there is less accountability on the part of politicians elected or
appointed to parliament and the wheels of justice are unjustifiably
slowly, the majority of people go after mythical figures invented
nationally and provincially, i.e. Gods, to seek justice, rather than the
courts.
The window of opportunity opened up at the last election was a god send
to express the people’s true feelings based on negative experiences that
the system of governance allocated to them. Little had they realised
that the rulers they elected had only change of colour and nice words to
fit the times pretending to be people’s heroes for a few weeks, rather
than charismatic figures like Anagarika Dharmapala or Ariyarathne,
genuinely concerned about the plight of the disadvantaged, the country
and nation. The people’s worst fears are coming true after two years of a
national unity government and many media contributions in recent months
have highlighted this. The latest saga in this unfolding political
drama or palace conspiracy is the one related to Wijeyadasa Rajapakshe.
The critical question emerging from this saga is whether he was a
protector of the corrupt in the previous regime because the Attorney
General’s Department did not expedite cases about which files have been
submitted by investigating bodies, or an anti- corruption crusader and
protector of the independence of the judiciary as he claims after his
sacking by the President? The public will examine this closely in due
course. Suffice it to say that the credibility of an anti-corruption
crusader emerges if the person so claiming has a track record of doing
so. Though his reference to several cases for which he appeared pro bono
and secured results involving state property may be noteworthy, the
argument about non-interference in the judiciary as an excuse for not
expediting anti-corruption cases hangs in thin air in the eyes of the
public. His detached approach to this issue until his sacking must have
been adopted with the blessings of the hierarchy in the yahapalana
government. Otherwise, how could a single minister adopt such a stance
for two years on his own, when the whole country or at least 6.5 million
of voters and their representatives were demanding action?
Thus, this saga reflects a deep-seated malaise within the yahapalana
government rather than the failings of one individual, particularly when
viewed in the light of the bond scam and the Ravi Karunanayake saga. In
Sri Lankan politics, and for that matter even in Australian or American
politics, there is this tendency to characterise failings in terms of
individuals. But we need to realise that these topics in Sri Lanka
reflect systemic failures rather than the faults of one individual. How
can one minister assure the independence of the judiciary without the
backing of his Cabinet, and be charged about non-interference and undue
slowness in expediting of justice on an individual basis? Cabinet unity
applies in this case also. If the Cabinet -the executive – had really
wanted action, it could have decided so a long time ago and the subject
minister is bound by such decisions.
Corruption by those elected or appointed to public office assumes
significance in a country like Sri Lanka because its economy runs on
borrowed money with heavy interest payment obligations in dollar terms.
The money borrowed for various projects by the government, not only
augment the budget bottom line, but also spreads around like hot cakes
among those who control such money. It has come to a ridiculous
situation that nothing significant can be done in Sri Lanka without
borrowed money. This seems to be the modern disease we have inherited
and one national characteristic of the patriotic nation. But what
happens to such borrowed money and those accumulated by way of taxes is
the crucial question? How much of it actually goes to the work or
projects, and how much is spent on consultants etc, are topics in
everyday conversations among middle class literati who have some
insights on this aspect.
When the payments for interest and paying back borrowed money become
difficult, a situation arises for the sale or lease of public assets to
foreign entities. As a country caught up in a debt trap, Sri Lanka is
facing numerous difficulties at this time. However, because the
political culture remains the same with self-serving norms and practices
that nurture the families of politicians, bureaucrats and managerial
class that support them, running the country has become less feasible.
This is because the system has to cater to the needs of a political and
managerial class whose desires and lifestyles are extravagant and
costly, in some cases bordering on corruption on the one hand, and the
needs of the majority who demand yahapalanaya by way of socially just
and effective economic and welfare policies. A government caught up in
an internationally driven debt trap can’t do both. When one side of the
scale goes up (with the cost of luxury cars etc.), the other side goes
down. Keeping a balance is not easy even by a compassionate President,
whose hands are tight in terms of the political forces he has to deal
with.
If we are to break free from the existing debt trap, the government
needs to do more than pursuing corruption cases and sacrificing a couple
of ministers temporarily. An economic strategy based on first
principles to combat the disease needs to be developed. Simultaneously, a
national social strategy to combat dependence on foreign project money
needs to be developed. When I was a schoolboy in the far south in the
50s and 60s, there was the concept and practice of Shramadana to cut
wells for water, build roads, temples etc. This practice needs to be
revived. Why not try to build at least one section of the Central
expressway with local talent and funds together with Shramadana? Most of
all, there needs drastic reform in the political culture without which
other goals cannot be achieved (Sarath Fonseka was vociferous about this
before he joined UNP). The extravagant lifestyles and accumulation of
wealth by politicians, their associates and families, need to be
controlled, before they do so rather than pursuing justice after the
event, especially when the wheels of government and justice grind very
slow when it comes to pursuing those who have charges of corruption.
This brings us to the point about legal reform –another sorry story in
the country for the last 70 years.
The Wijeyadasa saga is not the beginning or end of this national
conundrum, even though the way he was sacked is amusing to many.
Theatrics in politics raise imaginations and the curiosity of the voters
momentarily, but the show goes on till the drama is concluded. The
condition we are experiencing today has far deeper ramifications unless
addressed by the more alert segments of society in a systematic way, and
develop strategies to combat the ill effects as well as causes with
equal attention. Most likely Wijeyadasa will reemerge in politics in
another way after a few weeks or months. But the large majority who
don’t belong to the political or managerial classes will still struggle
to meet ends in a system which is unduly biased towards the needs and
desires of a few rather than the many.